Double-acting wood wool machine



Aug. 5, 1952 E. A. A. HUMELIN DOUBLE-ACTING WOOD WOOL MACHINE 2SHEETS-SHEET 1 Filed July 8, 1949 INVENTOR. ERNST- ALARIK ALLAN Human"BY Aug. 5, 1952 E. A. A. HUMELIN DOUBLE-ACTING woon wooL MACHINE 2SHEETS-SHEET 2 Filed July s, 1949 INVENTOR. 'ERNST ALARIK ALLAN HuMELmPatented Aug. 5,.- 1952 Ernst Alarik Allan Humelin, Tammeri'ors, FinlandApplication July 8, 1949, SerialNo. 103,621

In Sweden June 2, 1947 s It is a known fact that wood-wool machines forthe production of excelsior having' a forward and backward slide theblades are so arranged that the planing of one and the same piece ofwood occurs in one movement direction only.

The invention in question concerns a woodwool machine in which theplaning of one and the same piece of wood occurs in both movementdirections of the slide by means of double or multi-double blades and alancet block. The machine is principally characterized thereby thatduring its running the blades systematically change their position inconnection to the to and f ro- Vmovement of the slide of the machine.These blades are fixed to a separate frame or blade-holder-looselyattached to the slide of the machineewhich is so arranged as to obtainits systematic secondary movement by means of .the connecting rod thatgives the slide its to and Hiro movement. l The attached drawingillustrates a wood-wool machine according to the invention in question.Fig. l shows the schematic woodwool machine in section, seen from theside. Fig. 2 shows the position Vof the feeder screws seen from above.Fig. 3 shows a cutting of a feeder screw'that illustrates the shape ofthe threads. Fig. 4 shows the screw and worm wheels seen from the rightside. Fig. 5 shows the mantle surface of the screw wheel, cut along theline A-A in Figure 1 ,and developed on a horizontal level. Fig; 6VshowsY a modification of the construction "according to Figure 1 andFigure '7 also a modi- ''cation of Figure 1, lbut with vertical cuttingblades from above and Figure 8 a cutting along theliiie"BBA in Figure'7. Y Y' In" the diierent figures I is a connecting rod that putsY slide2--directed by prisms 3 and 4- into a to and fro movement. The eccentric5 `jswirgsfvwith the connecting rod and alternately presses againstrollers 6 and 'I', whereat rod 8 'glides to and'fro in the bearingsfixed to the slide 'or the prisms 9 and I0. Rod 8 has a U-shapedendwhich encirclescrank pin II, which in Vturn is mounted on a disk I2to systematically twist i this disc forward and backward whereby the pinI3 gives the frame or blade-holder I4 such a movement that then, forinstance, the planing blade I 5 rises while the blade I 8 placedr on theopposite side will lower itself; on the reverse stroke, blade l5 willrise and blade I6 will be lowered, thus permitting planing in bothmovement di'- rections The so-called lancet blades I'I are for cuttingnotches in the wood so that there will be several 'narrow shavingsinstead one broad 1o claims. (ci. 1442-185) l one. The blade-holder isat its other end loosely attached to the axis I8, which is eccentricallyAplaced in connection to the pin I 3. In order that the blade-holdershould have a'better steering both the ends of the axis I8 are of squarecrosssectional shape; alternatively a bushing can be used. -Whenchanging the blade-holder .the pin I3 is removed `making it possible toswing the blade-holder around the axis I8, like a door on its hinges,and it can then'be easily extracted. Naturally, the blade-holdercan bexed at `both ends in a similar manner but in such a caseitis moreYdiicult to change the blade-holder. `The screws YI $,that feed the woodtowards the )planing blades, obtaintheirperiodic movement via thetoothed wheels 20 and 2I in such a'mann'er that the toothed wheels 2I,which are iixed at the axis 22, obtain their movement from a driving orwork wheel 24 over the shaft 23. The worm wheel 25 vhaving a wormsegment 26 each give an impulse per revolution to the geared wheel24,'which thereby obtains an impulse at -the end of every stroke of theframe I4, or two`iinpulses per revolution. The cog back 21 situatedbetwen the worm segment 26 and rthe partly double-tracked cog back 28,all of which are without pitch, are there in orderA to keep the wormwheel in gear between the strokes'. In order to be able and utilize theleast possible pitch, and thereby provide noiseless running with littlewear Yand tear and at the same time avoid aweakening deformationfor thecogs, the worm segments -26 are provided with a smallpitcli so that eachof them only feed the worm wheel half the distance between Ytwo cofgs.Only after-both the screw segmentsr 26 have operated in their turn hasthe worm wheelA 24 twisted a distance equalv to that between two cogs.When the gear 'wheel 24 has rotated a revolution the number of impulsesis thus double the number of cogs on the Awheel. For instance, if theynumber of screw segments is increased to three then the number of theimpulses is increased tothreel times that of the cogs.- In order toobtain the best possible feeding of the wood the screw threads I9 are'soconstructed that the side of the thread profile (Fig. 3), which isturned toward the plane, is parallel to the planing surface of theslide. It canbe of advantage that there are more screws I9 at each ofythe piece of wood, thus in two parallel rows (see Fig. 2). In order tosteer the wood it is possible to place between the screws, in one of therows or in both of them, small steering blades 29, in which the edge ofthe blade is xed parallelly to the movement direetion'of the wood.

Giving the screws I9 a somewhat conical shape has the effect that thethread continuously works itself more deeply into the wood, which isthus held in a steady grip.

Fig. 6 illustrates another form of execution that has so to say hanginglinks, different from those earlier described in which the link wasupright with Vthe centre of the disk i2 as a iiXed point andthepi-n .I3located above. In both cases the links can incline towards one or theother side and the angle of inclination canbe more or less. The form ofthe axis i8 can vary and the axis can be rrnly attached at thebladeholder or at the slide. The main point is that the connectionallows twisting.

It is a common feature for these constructions, which are meant to givethe blade-holder the tilting or rocking secondary movement, that theblade-holder is xed to the slide at two points situated eccentrically inconnection to one another.

Inthe modification according to Figure `6 the yblade-holder is looselyxed to the slide 2 by means of hanging orpendulating links 34 and itobtains its secondary movement from the connecting rod in sucha mannerthat the disk 35,

which is rmly attached to the connectingrod l and reciprocates with it,has a notch 36 in which is a roller 31 is disposed, which is connectedto the blade-holder, whereby rthe latter, due to the construction of thenotch, obtains an impulse at the end of every stroke, in one or theother direc- 1 1tion.

` suitable as it seemsfor thebearing mustbe placed on` both the outeredges of the blade-holder whereby the slide will become considerablyvbroader andthe machine thereby larger than-fat theearlier mentionedrconstruction (Fig. l) where the :bearings are situated so to say-behind the planing blades en the inner side of the outer walls ofytheblade-holder. Inthese embodiments, the slideffis rmlyfconnected at allthe corners. In

Fig.. '7, 39 is a notch that steers a ball 40, fixed to the ,bladeholderlll. The ball 40 in its turn impartsthe tilting movement to theblade-holder.

` For claritys sake I `wish to mention that 30 is the crank axis of themachine, 3| the bearings for-.this axis, 32 isa Acrank pin, 33 isabearing pin which simultaneously connects the crankpin I vtothe slide 2and 4| is the piece of woodthat is to; be planed.

In all the aforesaid forms of execution the crankV pin has evenanotherfunction lthan the ordinary task of only giving `the slide a toand fro movement and that is that it also imparts to the planing bladesthe tilting movement executed by themwhen they, during the running ofAthe machine, change position in connection to the machines to and froglide.

It'is also possible to arr-ange several other forms ofexecution, whichbelong to the sphere of the l invention, and different combinations ofthose l described above within the scope of the claims.

. I claim:

1; An apparatus for making excelsior comprising, in combination, slidemeans; means for 'reciprocating said slide means; a single, elongatedblade holder element pivotally connected at one end portion thereof tosaid slide means; atleast three cutting blades xedly mounted on said'blade holder` element, two of said cutting blades being inclined towardeach other and con- 4g verging toward the plane in which said slidemeans reciprocates and the third cutting blade being located betweensaid two cutting blades and extending in a direction substantiallyperpendicular to the plane in which said slide means reciprocates; meansfor turning said blade holder so that only one of said two inclinedblades cuts the wood in one direction of movement of said slide meansand so that only the other of said two inclined blades cuts the wood inthe other direction of movement of said slide means; and means forfeeding wood to be cut to said blades.

2. An apparatus for making excelsior comprising, in combination, slidemeans; means for reciprocating said slide means comprising a connectingrod means pivotally connected at one end thereof to said slide means andpivotally and eccentrically connected at the other end thereof to arotating drive means; a single, elongated blade holder element pivotallyconnected at one end portion thereof to Ysaid slide means; at leastthree cutting blades xedly mounted on said blade holder element, two ofsaid cutting blades being inclined toward each other and convergingtoward the plane in which said slide means reciprocates and the thirdcutting blade being located between said two cutting blades andextending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane Yinwhich said slide means reciprocates;

kmeans for turning said blade `holder so that only one of saidtwoinclined blades cuts the wood in one direction of movement of `saidslide means andso that onlythe other of said two inclined blades cutsthe wood in the other direction of -movement of-said slide means, saidmeans for turning saidblade holder comprising alinkage meansinterconnecting said blade holder and said one endof said connecting rodmeans for causing the movement of said one end of said connecting rodmeans to turn said blade holder in opposite directions at the respectiveends of the strokes of the connecting rod means; and means for feedingwood to be cut to-said blades.

3. An apparatus for making excelsior -comprising in combination, slidemeans; means for reciprocating said slide `means comprising a connectingrod means pivotally connected at one end thereof to said slide means andpivotally and eccentrically connected at the other end thereof to arotating drive means; a single, elongated blade holder element pivotallyconnected at one end portion thereof to said slide means; at least threecutting Y.blades xedly mounted on said blade holder element, two of saidcutting blades being inclined toward each other and converging towardthe plane in which said slide means reciprocates and the third cuttingblade being located between said two cutting blades and extending in adirection substantially perpendicular to Vthe plane in which said slidemeans reciprocates; means for turning said blade holder so that only oneof-said two inclined blades cutsthe wood in one direction of movement ofsaid slide means and so that only the other of said two inclined bladescuts ythe wood in the other direction of movement of said slide means,said means for turning said blade holder comprising a bar mounted onsaid slide means for sliding movement withl respect to said slide meansin a direction substantially parallel to the plane in which said slidemeans reciprocates, cam means interconnecting said one end of saidconnecting rod means and said bar for slidably moving said bar inopposite directions with respect to said slide means at the respectiveends of the strokes of said pivotally connected to another endportion'of said Y blade holder, whereby saidsliding movement of said'bar causes said disc tojrotate and tilt said blade'holder; and means'forfeeding wood` tobe fcutto said blades. y 1 4. An apparatus for makingexcelsviorcomprising, in combination, slide' means; means forreciprocating said slide means; asing'le elongated blade holder elementpivotally connected at one end portion thereof to said slide means; atleast three cutting blades i'lxedly mounted on said blade helderelement, two Yof said lcutting 'blades-being inelinedtoward each otherandconverging toward the plane in which said slidelm'eans reciproeates 5andjthethird cutting blade being located'- between 'saidtwocuttingblades'andextending in a direct1o substantially perpendicular to theplane in 'which saidslide means reciprocates;' means for turningsaidblade holder so that only one of said two incline'dlblades cuts thewood in one direction ofA movement of said slidemeans and so thatl onlythe other of said two inclined blades cuts the wood in the otherdirection of movement of said slide means and means for feeding wood "tobe out to said blades comprising at least two feeder screws forfeedingthe wood to be cut and having threads with substantially flat sidesconfronting said slide manssaid at sides of said threads being located iplanes which are substantially parallel-tothe plane in which said slidemeans re'ciprocates.

5. An apparatus for making excelsior comprise ing, in combination, slidemeans; means for reciprocating said slide means; a single, elongatedblade holder element pivotally connected at one Vei'idrportion` thereofto said slide means; at `least three cutting blades fixedlylmounted onsaidv blade holder-element, two of .said cutting blades being inclinedtoward each other and converging toward Ythe plane in whichsaid slidemeans reciprocates and the third Ycutting blade being located betweensaid two cutting blades and extending in a direction substantiallyperpendicular to theplane in which saidslide means reciprocates; meansfor-turning said blade holder so that onlyv oneY ofnsaid'twoinclinedblades cuts the wood in one direction" of movement ofsaid slide means and so that only the other of said two inclined bladescuts the wood in the other direction of movement of said slide means;and means for feeding wood to be cut to said blades comprising at leasttwo feeder screws for feeding the wood to be cut and having threads withsubstantially flat sides confronting said slide means, said flat sidesof said threads being located in planes which are substantially parallelto the plane in which v'said slide means reciprocates and plate meansmounted on said apparatus for guiding the wood to be cut and preventingit from turning.

6. An apparatus for making excelsior comprising, in combination, slidemeans; means for reciprocating said slide means comprising a connectingrod means pivotally connected at one end thereof to said slide means andpivotally and eccentrically connected at the other end thereof to arotating drive means; a single, elongated blade holder element pivotallyconnected at one end portion thereof to said slide means; at least threecutting blades fixedly mounted on said blade holder element, two of saidcutting blades being inclined toward each other and converging towardthe plane in which said slide means reciprocates `and the third cuttingblade being located between said two cutting bladesV and extending in avdirection substantially perpendicular to theVv plane in which saidslide means reciprocates; means for turning said blade holder'so thatonly'one of said two inclined blades cuts the wood in one direction lofmovement `of said slide means and so that only the other of said twoinclined blades cuts the wood in the other direction of movement of saidslide means; and means for feeding wood to be cut-to saidbladescomprising at least two feeder screws forfeeding the wood to becut and having threads with substantially flat sides confronting saidslide means said Vilat sides ofsa'i'd threads being located in Aplaneswhich are substantially parallel to the plane in which said slide meansreciprocates, gear means operatively connected to said feeder screws torotate the same, and worm Ameans interconnectingfsaid drive means andgear means for r'otating said gear means substantially at the ends ofthe strokes'of said connecting lrod means and for holding saidgear-means stationary during movement of said connecting rod meansbetween the ends of its strokes, the extent of rotation of saidgearmeans by said worm means during one revolution of said drive'meansbeing substantially equal to the number of degreesoccupied by one of theteeth on said gear means. Y f

'7. An Yapparatus for making excelsior 'comprising, in combination,Slide means; means for reciprocating said slide means comprising aconnectingrod means pivotally connected at one end thereofto said slidemeans and pivotally and eccentrically connected at the other endlthereof to a rotating drive means; a-single, elongated blade holderelement pivotally connected at one end portion thereof to said slidemeans; at least three cutting lblades xedly mountedV on said bladeholder element, two of said cutting bladesbeing inclined toward eachother and converging toward the plane in which said slide meansreciprocates and the third cutting blade being located between said twocutting blades and extending in af direction substantially perpendicularto the plane in which said slide means reciprocates; means for turningsaid blade holder so that only one of said two inclined blades cuts thewood in one direction of movement of said slide means and so that onlythe other of said two'inclined blades cuts the wood in the otherdirection of movement of said slide means; and means for feeding wood tobe cut to said` blades comprising at least two feeder screws for feedingthe wood to be cut and having threads with substantially :dat sidesconfronting said slide means, said flat sides of said threads beinglocated in planes which are substantially parallel to the plane in whichsaid slide means reciprocates, gear means operatively connected to saidfeeder screws to rotate the same, and worm means interconnecting saiddrive means and gear means and having a single thread with a portionthereof located in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis ofrotation of said worm means and extending overslightly less thanone-half of the outer surface of said worm means and with additionalthread portions connected to the ends of said mst-mentioned portion ofsaid worm thread andlocated on opposite sides of the outer surface ofsaid worm means, the said additional portions of said worm thread beingpitched only to the extent that each additional thread portion turnssaid gear means through approximately one-half of the number of degreesoccupied by one of the teeth of said gear means.

8. An apparatus for making excelsior comprisngrin; combination, slidemeans; means for reciprocating said slide means comprising ,aconnect-ing rodmeans pivotally connected at one end thereof to saidslide Vmeans and pivotally and eccentrically -connected at the `other'end thereof to arotating drive means; a lsingle-elongated blade holderelement pivotally connected at one end portion thereof to said slidemeans; at least three cutting blades iixedly mounted on-said bladeholder, two of said cutting blades being inclined toward each othertandconverging toward the plane in which said slide means reciprocates andthe third cutting blade being Vlocated between said two cutting bladesand extending in a direction-substantially perpendicular to the plane inAwhich said slide means reciprocates; means for turning said bladeholder so that only one of saidtwo inclined blades cuts the woodin onedirection of movement of said slide/means and so that only the other ofsaid two inclined` blades cuts they rwood in the other direction of-movement of said'slide means, said means for turning said blade holdercomprising abar mounted on said slide means for sliding movementwithrespect tosaid slide means in a direction substantially parallel tothe plane in which said slide means reciprocates, cam meansinterconnecting said one end of said connecting rod means and said barfor slidably moving said bar in opposite directions with respect to saidslide means at the respective ends of the strokes of said connecting rodmeans, a disc rotatably mounted on saidslide means, -said bar having oneend portion thereof pivotally and eccentrically connected to said disc,and said disc being eccentrically and pivotally connected to another endportion of said blade holderwherebysaid sliding movement of said barcausesfsaid disc to4 rotate and tilt said blade holder; and means forfeeding thewood to be cut to said blades comprising at least two feederscrews for feeding the wood to be cut and having threads withsubstantially iiat sides confronting said slide means, said flat sidesof said threads being located in` planeswhich are substantiallyparallelV to the plane in which said slide means reciprocates, platemeans mounted on said apparatus for guiding the wood to be cut andpreventing it from turning, gear meansoperatively connected to saidfeeder :screws to rotate the same, and worm meansinterconnecting saiddrive vmeans and-gear means and having a single thread .Withravportionthereof located in a-plane substantially perpendicular to the axis ofrotation portion of said worm thread and located on oppo-V site sides ofthe outer surface of said worm means,

lthe said additional portions of said worm thread being pitched only tothe extent that each additional thread portion turns said gear meansthrough approximately one-half of the number of degrees occupied by oneof the teeth of said gear means.

9. An apparatus as defined in claim l and wherein the pivotal connectionof said one end portion of said elongated blade holding element to saidslide means includes a first elongated link pivoted adjacent oneendithereof to said one end portion of said blade holding element andpivoted adjacent the other end thereofA to- -said slide means, saidelongated blade holding element having another end portion opposite saidone end portionv thereof; and a second elongated link pivotallyconnected adjacent one end thereof to said other end portion of saidblade holding element and adjacent the other endthereof to said slidemeans. l

10. Apparatus as defined in claim l and wherein the pivotalconnec'tionof said one end portion of said elongated blade holdingelement to said slide means is located in the plane in which said thirdcutting blade is located.

ERNsT ALARTK ALLAN HUMELIN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

' UNITED STATES PATENTS

